Write arguments to the app.

This is the Swiss Army knife of Streamlit commands: it does different things depending on what you throw at it. Unlike other Streamlit commands, write() has some unique properties:

  1. You can pass in multiple arguments, all of which will be written.
  2. Its behavior depends on the input types as follows.
  3. It returns None, so its "slot" in the App cannot be reused.
Function signature[source]

st.write(*args, unsafe_allow_html=False, **kwargs)

Parameters

*args (any)

One or many objects to print to the App.

Arguments are handled as follows:

  • write(string) : Prints the formatted Markdown string, with
    support for LaTeX expression, emoji shortcodes, and colored text. See docs for st.markdown for more.
  • write(data_frame) : Displays the DataFrame as a table.
  • write(error) : Prints an exception specially.
  • write(func) : Displays information about a function.
  • write(module) : Displays information about the module.
  • write(class) : Displays information about a class.
  • write(dict) : Displays dict in an interactive widget.
  • write(mpl_fig) : Displays a Matplotlib figure.
  • write(generator) : Streams the output of a generator.
  • write(openai.Stream) : Streams the output of an OpenAI stream.
  • write(altair) : Displays an Altair chart.
  • write(PIL.Image) : Displays an image.
  • write(keras) : Displays a Keras model.
  • write(graphviz) : Displays a Graphviz graph.
  • write(plotly_fig) : Displays a Plotly figure.
  • write(bokeh_fig) : Displays a Bokeh figure.
  • write(sympy_expr) : Prints SymPy expression using LaTeX.
  • write(htmlable) : Prints _repr_html_() for the object if available.
  • write(obj) : Prints str(obj) if otherwise unknown.

unsafe_allow_html (bool)

This is a keyword-only argument that defaults to False.

By default, any HTML tags found in strings will be escaped and therefore treated as pure text. This behavior may be turned off by setting this argument to True.

That said, we strongly advise against it. It is hard to write secure HTML, so by using this argument you may be compromising your users' security. For more information, see:

https://github.com/streamlit/streamlit/issues/152

**kwargs (any)

delete

**kwargs is deprecated and will be removed in a later version. Use other, more specific Streamlit commands to pass additional keyword arguments.

Keyword arguments. Not used.

Example

Its basic use case is to draw Markdown-formatted text, whenever the input is a string:

import streamlit as st

st.write('Hello, *World!* :sunglasses:')

As mentioned earlier, st.write() also accepts other data formats, such as numbers, data frames, styled data frames, and assorted objects:

import streamlit as st
import pandas as pd

st.write(1234)
st.write(pd.DataFrame({
    'first column': [1, 2, 3, 4],
    'second column': [10, 20, 30, 40],
}))

Finally, you can pass in multiple arguments to do things like:

import streamlit as st

st.write('1 + 1 = ', 2)
st.write('Below is a DataFrame:', data_frame, 'Above is a dataframe.')

Oh, one more thing: st.write accepts chart objects too! For example:

import streamlit as st
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import altair as alt

df = pd.DataFrame(
    np.random.randn(200, 3),
    columns=['a', 'b', 'c'])

c = alt.Chart(df).mark_circle().encode(
    x='a', y='b', size='c', color='c', tooltip=['a', 'b', 'c'])

st.write(c)

Learn what the st.write and magic commands are and how to use them.

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